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Natural options like stone tile, hardwood, cork, bamboo, and natural linoleum are among the healthier flooring choices available. On the flip side, carpet and carpet padding are among the biggest culprits when it comes to releasing potentially hazardous chemicals into your home. Artificial, manufactured options like vinyl and engineered wood may also contain and emit VOCs. 

There are a few different types of finishes to choose from for the final step of the project. 

Water-based polyurethane sealants emit fewer odors and fumes but dry quickly, which can pose a challenge when trying to get a smooth coat. Oil-based polyurethane sealants let out more odors and fumes into the air (it’s especially important to wear a respirator if you choose this type), but they take longer to dry, which can be more forgiving during the finishing step. 

Some may prefer wood oil to polyurethane because rather than creating a layer, it becomes part of the wood. Wood oil takes longer to dry, and is less resistant to wear and tear; however, it creates a natural-looking result by enhancing the grain of the wood. 

Door transitions can work with virtually any flooring type; however, different transition strips lend themselves better to specific flooring types. For instance, if you are bridging the gap between a taller floor, like carpet, to a shorter floor, like hardwood, then you will want a transition strip with a slight slope to bridge the height difference. These transition strips are called reducer molding. On the other hand, if you are bridging two floors of the same height, you can use flat transition strips, such as T-strips and seam binders.

In most cases, carpeting isn’t kind to the wood that it’s attached to. Most carpet installation uses adhesive or nailing strips, both of which will damage wood. Conversely, you can choose to use an adhesive designed to be removed from wood, in which case carpeting can actually protect your hardwood stairs.