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The best solar panels to withstand hail are those rated UL 61730. These solar panels are certified to withstand hailstones up to 3 inches in diameter and travel at speeds up to 88 mph. IP68 solar panels are the next most resilient solar panel. Solar panels without these ratings can handle hail up to 1 inch in diameter that travels up to 50 miles per hour. If you live in an area with frequent or severe hailstorms, purchasing UL 61730 solar panels is often worth the investment.

Solar well pumps range from needing 200 watts of power to as much as 12,000 watts for heavy-duty pumps. Since the most common and cost-friendly solar panels are 100-watt panels, you’ll need between two and 12 panels. The average is between two and eight panels for standard pumps. Based on the average cost of solar panels ($1 to $1.50 per watt), you’d pay between $200 and $1,800 for your well pump solar panels—not including installation.

Yes, it is possible to install solar panels on a tar and gravel roof, but it is not the ideal roofing material for a solar installation. The process requires roof penetrations to install the solar racking system. While installers will seal these penetrations, they still increase the risk of leaks. This risk is higher on tar and gravel roofs, which are often flat. Flat roofs are more prone to leaks than sloped roofs because they can pool water during heavy rain and hold snow for longer periods, exposing the roof to more moisture.

Although solar panels harness the sun's power, they come at an environmental cost. The manufacturing process requires large amounts of water and involves hazardous materials like cadmium, silicon, and gallium arsenide. These materials don’t pose safety hazards while the panels are in use but can pose a problem when left in landfills. Over time, hazardous materials can leach into the environment. This is why recycling solar panels whenever possible is better than taking them to landfills.