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Your sewer line can get grimy quickly. To prevent sludge buildup in your sewer line, pour a mixture of 1/3 cup of vinegar and 1/3 cup of baking soda down each drain in your home once a month. After about 30 minutes, flush the drain with hot water.

Some plumbers recommend 3/4 cup of bleach instead to clean any germs and bacteria that may build up in your sewer line. But this won’t break down any active clogs, and it cannot be combined with vinegar, as the mixture will create a toxic, hazardous gas.

Your septic tank naturally contains the beneficial bacteria it needs to function, so you typically don't need to add more. However, if you wish to replenish the bacteria, you can use natural methods. For example, you can add three overripe tomatoes to your garbage disposal or flush 1/4 ounce of active yeast down the toilet every three months. While store-bought septic enzymes and chemicals are available, many experts consider them unnecessary and potentially harmful. The most effective way to maintain a healthy bacteria population is to avoid using chemical drain cleaners, which can kill the good bacteria in your system.

Baking soda can help neutralize septic tank odors. If the pH balance in your tank is off, it may emit a sulfurous, rotten-egg-like smell. Flushing about one cup of baking soda down the toilet once a week can help neutralize the odor. To increase the beneficial bacteria in your tank, you can add three rotten tomatoes through your garbage disposal every three months.

To prevent odors in the first place, only flush human waste and toilet paper. Avoid pouring coffee grounds, fats, oils, or grease down your drains, as this can lead to clogs. While these methods can help, the most effective long-term solution is to have your septic tank pumped regularly, typically every three to five years. Because sewage gas can be toxic, it is recommended to hire a professional to identify the source of the smell rather than only trying to neutralize it.

Before you hire a septic repair pro, make sure you get three written quotes from local companies to help you evaluate qualified candidates. Ask each company to provide proof of licensure and insurance. Finally, when you decide to hire a specific pro or company, ask for a written contract that sets out all the essential terms, including specific work expectations, a timeline, what permits are needed, who is responsible for obtaining permits, and clear payment details, including due dates.