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There are a few signs that indicate a failing drain field. For instance, if your septic tank starts requiring more pumping than normal, your drain field might be failing. Other signs to watch for include poor drainage after rain, standing water or sewage over the septic system, a strong septic smell outside, new and healthy grass growing over the drain field, and plumbing backups in your sinks, bathtubs, or toilets.

There are three layers of wastewater in a septic tank: scum (solid waste that floats to the top of the wastewater), liquid (the relatively clean liquid wastewater in between the two other layers), and sludge (solid waste that falls to the bottom of the wastewater). The buildup of sludge is one of the main reasons septic tanks need to be pumped. If the tank is more than 1/3 of the way full with a combination of sludge and scum, it’s time to call a pro for pumping.

If the toilet is overflowing but there’s no clog, that’s a sign that the issue is deeper in the system, and plunging may not help. A blockage in your home’s plumbing, the plumbing vent, or even city sewer lines can cause toilets to overflow. The issue could also be the toilet itself if the filler float isn’t set to the correct height or if parts are damaged or worn out.

The price you’ll pay for service from a septic tank company will depend on the specific service you need. Here are some common services, along with average pricing:

• Anaerobic septic system installation: $3,000–$8,000

• Aerobic septic system installation: $10,000–$20,000

• Septic tank pumping: $250–$550

• Percolation test: $700–$2,000

• Leach field installation: $2,000–$10,000

These numbers vary based on your septic system size, property layout, and more, so the best way to get an accurate estimate is to contact a septic tank professional for a custom quote.