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Yes. So-called “floating” cork floors can be installed over concrete subfloor, though a polyethylene vapor barrier is required. This type of installation is achieved using the glue-down tiles, which are trickier for a DIY approach, so consider calling a professional to help you if you’re planning to install your cork floor over concrete. 

In most cases, you do not need to put padding or underlayment under carpet tiles. Unlike traditional carpet, which requires a separate pad, carpet tiles are designed to be installed directly onto a firm subfloor like plywood, concrete, or tile. Many carpet tiles come with a built-in underlay and attach with peel-and-stick adhesive, double-sided carpet tape, or glue. For a more comfortable, cushioned feel, especially in residential settings, you can opt for padded carpet tiles that have a thicker underlay attached. While it's generally not recommended to install a separate pad, a compact underlayment might be used in some situations, though this typically requires professional installation. An acoustic underlay may also be considered in commercial spaces or multi-level homes where noise reduction is a priority.

The toilet flange anchors to the subfloor, usually with wood screws or cement screws, but most of it should sit above floor level at full height. When a flange is flush with the subfloor or below it, it can lead to the creation of leak paths.

Flooring transition strips can be secured to the subfloor using glue, nails, or screws. For a more secure installation, especially in high-traffic areas, using screws or nails is recommended as it reduces the risk of slippage. However, if aesthetic appeal is a priority, glue provides a cleaner, more seamless finish without any visible holes or screw heads.