Building a Deck Checklist for Easy Planning, Construction, and Maintenance

Building a deck is one of the most rewarding projects for homeowners. Not only will it add value to your home, but it will also boost your home enjoyment. However, constructing a deck is hardly as simple as stacking boards and grabbing a hammer. Our checklist for building a deck walks you through gathering supplies to breaking ground and seasonal upkeep so you can confidently build your dream deck.

What to Know Before Building a Deck

When it comes to who can build a deck, homeowners have two main options: take the DIY route or hire a local deck-building company. You can expect professional deck-building costs to range from $30 to $60 per square foot, depending on your chosen materials. Based on deck size, the average total cost is between $4,340 and $12,600. Remember that local labor and material prices can significantly affect your final price tag. If you choose to DIY, you’ll save on labor costs, but you must be certain your deck meets local building codes and doesn’t pose a hazard—after all, liability will be on you if you don’t hire a pro. 

Supplies List

Before you strap on that tool belt, understand the types of tools and deck-building materials needed. While the specific materials depend on the kind of deck you are building, here’s a quick overview. 

Tools:

• Tape measure

• Circular saw, or miter saw

• Drill and bits

• Level and framing square

• Post hole digger

• Shovel

• Wheelbarrow

• Chalk line

• Safety gear (gloves, goggles, hearing protection)

Materials:

• Pressure-treated lumber or composite decking boards

• Concrete mix (for footings)

• Joist hangers and deck screws

• Ledger board

• Galvanized hardware and brackets

• Decking nails or screws

• Flashing

• Stain or sealant (optional, but highly recommended)

Getting Started Checklist

Before you break ground, laying the foundation for a smooth, successful build on paper is essential. 

• Check local building codes: Depending on location, your build may require a permit and there could be restrictions on size, height, or materials.

• Call 811. It is a free national service where homeowners and contractors can request that buried utility lines be marked before digging to prevent damage.

• Pick your site: Choose a flat, well-drained area and consider sun exposure, privacy, and how your deck will connect to your home or yard.

• Design your deck: Work with a pro or sketch out the size, shape, and layout, and decide where you want railings, stairs, built-in seating, or planters.

• Create a budget: Request at least three quotes from different deck builders, factoring in tools, materials, permits, and potential labor costs if hiring extra hands.

Foundation and Framing Checklist

Laying a solid foundation and properly framing your deck is essential for long-term safety and stability. Here’s what to consider before and during this critical phase of the build:

• Mark your layout: Grab some stakes and string, then outline your deck's shape and size.

• Check for level ground. Uneven terrain may require grading or support additions to ensure your deck is level and secure.

• Dig post holes: Use a post-hole digger to create holes for your footings; depth requirements often vary by location, so check local codes.

• Set footings and pour concrete: After digging, pour concrete footings and place post anchors while the mix is still wet, allowing time for curing.

• Install posts and beams: Attach vertical posts using approved brackets and hardware and secure beams across the tops of posts.

• Attach the ledger board: If your deck connects to your house, bolt a ledger board securely to the home’s structure and add flashing to prevent water damage.

• Frame with joists: Attach joists perpendicular to the ledger and beams, spacing them according to your decking material’s specifications.

• Secure with hardware: Use galvanized or stainless-steel brackets, joist hangers, and deck screws to prevent corrosion and keep everything tight and square.

• Inspect as you go: Check for levelness, spacing, and stability at each stage before moving on to decking or finishing features.

Decking, Railings, and Final Touches Checklist

Now comes the part where your project comes together at last.

Lay the decking:

• Start at the house and work outwards.

• Leave small gaps between boards for drainage and expansion.

• Use spacers for consistent alignment.

• Trim any overhanging boards for a clean finish.

Install railings and extras:

• Attach railing posts before the final decking boards. Note that railings are required for any deck more than 30 inches high.

• Add balusters, top rails, and custom features like benches or lighting.

Inspect and seal:

• Give the entire structure a thorough once-over, including tightening loose screws.

• Apply sealant or stain, which is especially important on wood decks.

• Let it dry thoroughly before adding furniture and hosting your first BBQ.

Seasonal Deck Maintenance Checklist

A beautiful deck doesn’t stay that way on its own. Here’s how to keep it safe and good-looking year-round.

Spring:

• Inspect for loose boards, nails, or screws and tighten.

• Power wash to remove dirt, algae, or mold.

• Reseal or restain if water no longer beads on the surface.

Summer:

• Sweep regularly to prevent buildup.

• Check railings and stairs for safety.

• Trim nearby plants to allow airflow and avoid moisture buildup.

Fall:

• Clear away leaves and yard debris.

• Inspect flashing and support structures before winter.

• Clean and cover furniture if stored on the deck.

Winter:

• Shovel snow gently using a plastic shovel to avoid gouging.

• Avoid using salt or ice melt, which can damage wood and composite.

• Periodically check for water pooling or ice buildup.