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Yes, you can find ceiling joists using simple tools if a stud finder isn't available.

Using a hammer requires patience and a keen ear. Gently tap the ceiling in a grid pattern, listening for sound changes. A hollow sound indicates space between joists, while a solid, dull thud suggests a joist. Mark the location with a pencil and confirm by tapping from different angles.

Alternatively, you can use a nail, but this method will leave small holes. You'll feel increased resistance when the nail hits a joist. Mark the spot and repeat the process every 16 or 24 inches to map the joist locations. This method is considered less reliable than using a stud finder.

Spindles on a deck may also be called balusters or pickets. While not as important to the structural support of the deck as the rail posts, they play a critical role in ensuring the deck is safe to use by closing in large gaps in the railing. For this reason, balusters must be no more than 4 inches away from one another.

If you’re just replacing a few broken or damaged joists, you can expect to pay anywhere from $100 to $300 per joist. However, a complete installation for a home or room will take into account the cost of labor, which ranges from $25 to $40 per hour. Floor joist installation for an entire room, for example, can cost between $5,000 and $10,000, depending on the room's size and the materials used.

Some states require carpenters to be licensed to perform forms of carpentry, such as framing. The license requires a certain amount of experience and to pass an examination. In states that don’t require carpenters to be licensed, they must be licensed as a contractor if they work independently rather than solely as a subcontractor under a licensed builder. Use Angi’s contractor licensing tool to find out whether a potential carpenter is licensed in your state.