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Hard water stains are caused by hard water. Hard water contains a lot of minerals, like calcium and magnesium. When water on your glass surfaces dries out, the minerals stay behind and stick to the glass. This results in a residue that looks like white cloudy or streaky spots. Call a pro to install a water softener to banish hard water problems.

Well water can leave ugly marks on your window. A vinegar-water spray will remove most well water stains from your windows. However, you can also use a baking soda paste if the stain is too stubborn. Consider applying waterproofing protection to the glass surface after cleaning for long-term protection. A protective film or spray layer also makes it easier to remove the water stains next time.

To effectively clean fine dust after construction, start by dusting high surfaces like ceiling fans, walls, and window sills, allowing the dust to settle. Then, use a vacuum with a HEPA filter on all surfaces, including furniture, carpets, and floors, making a second pass for thoroughness. Follow up by mopping hard surfaces with a damp mop to capture any lingering particles. It's also important to clean appliances, vacuum HVAC returns and supply vents, and replace the air filters. Properly ventilate the home to help clear out remaining dust, and avoid sweeping, which can spread the dust around.

You should avoid using abrasive materials and harsh chemicals when cleaning windows. Abrasive tools like scrubbing pads, rough cloths, or steel wool can permanently scratch and damage the glass. Harsh chemical cleaners containing alcohol or ammonia can damage window treatments, frame materials, and special features like tinting. It is also best to use distilled or filtered water instead of hard water, which can leave spots or streaks. For best results, use a clean microfiber cloth to wash the glass and old black and white newspapers to dry it without leaving streaks.