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Land Surveying questions, answered by experts

A few different types of land surveys can help determine certain features and boundaries of your property. These include:

  • Boundary surveys describe the actual borders of a property. These are generally required when trying to get construction permits issued. 

  • Location surveys provide much of the same information as a boundary survey but also include in-depth information about any improvements made to your property. 

  • Mortgage location surveys are usually required by lenders and title companies before financing or offering an insurance policy. 

  • Site-planning surveys are done before applying for building permits and can be issued before any major home improvements. 

  • Topographic surveys provide a formal map of land elevations. It can also describe the location and size of natural features and any land improvements.

A land survey defines and records the physical aspects of a property, including its boundaries, dimensions, easements, features, and sometimes topographical information. In contrast, a land appraisal determines the property's monetary value. While an appraiser will often consult a land survey to understand the property's physical specifications, the survey itself does not determine the land's value.

Soil testers and licensed excavators are often the professionals you hire if you need a perc test. In some cases, structural engineers will also be able to conduct the test for you. In many municipalities, you’ll need your professional on-site to dig and fill the holes with water, as well as a representative from your local building department or health department. That representative is the individual who will determine whether your test passes or fails.

Depending on the type of land survey, the report will mark the boundaries of your property, the topographical changes of the landscape, as well as major natural and added structures to the plot. A more detailed survey, like an as-built survey, will note the measurements of the structures and landscape following major construction. A topographic survey will also help your contractor determine the cost of land development projects.

A land survey can take anywhere from a few hours to a month or more, depending on the size of the property, the type of survey, the property’s accessibility and topography, and the availability of historical property records. A simple boundary survey to determine a fence line can be completed in a day while surveying 50 acres of undeveloped woodlands may take weeks or longer.

The Sapello, NM homeowners’ guide to land surveying services

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