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Two coats of stain are ideal for the best protection and aesthetic appeal. However, if your decking is made of particularly dense hardwood, you may only need one coat. If you want an intense color, two coats are ideal.

Wood stains last anywhere from two to five years, depending on exposure to the elements, your local climate, the type of stain, and the surface it’s on. For instance, vertical surfaces last longer than horizontal surfaces. Some types of woods, like dense hardwoods, will require a recoat yearly, as they are too dense for the stain to absorb. In any event, apply a recoat every 2 to 4 years. As for storage, a can of unopened stain can last up to 5 years, though results may vary.

DIY staining or painting is manageable with proper preparation, including safety measures, necessary tools, and adherence to safe weather conditions for application.

Applying a sealer after staining is often recommended, especially for outdoor wood surfaces like decks or fences. It helps protect the wood from moisture, UV rays, and other elements, extending the life of the stain and preserving the wood's appearance. It also enhances the stain's durability and resistance to wear and tear. 

However, in some indoor applications, a sealer may not be necessary, depending on the type of stain used and the level of protection required. Always check the specific product recommendations and consider the wood's exposure and usage when deciding whether to apply a sealer after staining.