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The size of a pipe isn’t always the outside or inside diameter. Rather, it’s a nominal diameter that depends on the type of pipe. For male pipes, you’ll need to measure the outside diameter. For female pipes, you’ll need to measure the inside diameter. You’ll then need to use a nominal diameter conversion chart to get the actual pipe size you’d buy in the store.

Replacing a gas valve on a water heater will take a professional plumber between 1 and 1½ hours. However, they may require extra time to diagnose the problem with your water heater, particularly since so many of the surrounding parts work together. Speak with your plumber before the job to confirm the pre-hour price and the approximate length of the job.

In North America, pipe measurements are listed as the nominal pipe size (NPS). This measurement refers to the outside diameter. As an example, a 1/2-inch copper pipe has an outside diameter of 5/8 of an inch. If a hardware store lists a pipe as having a 2 NPS, it means that all the pipes with this measurement have a 2 ⅜-inch outside diameter, regardless of wall thickness and inside diameter.

Even if you invested in the cost of a gas shut-off valve for your oven and other appliances, it’s a good idea to add a seismic shut-off valve as an extra safety measure. 

Gas shut-off valves for appliances are manual, meaning someone has to cut off the flow of gas. This leaves room for error, as you might not be home or might be too distracted to think about gas lines during an earthquake. An earthquake valve is automatic and will protect your home from gas-related disasters in the event of an earthquake.